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*Tuesday, 8th February, 2022*
Christian Religious Studies 2 (Essay)
09:30am – 11:30am
Christian Religious Studies 1 (Objective)
11:30am – 12:30pm
Islamic Studies 2 (Essay)
09:30am – 11:30am
Islamic Studies 1 (Objective)
11:30am – 12:30pm
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WAEC GCE(FIRST SERIES)2022 IRS AND CRS ESSAY AND OBJ -ANSWERS
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(1a)
Hadith is a collection of traditions containing sayings of the prophet Muhammad which, with accounts of his daily practice (Sunnah), constitute the major source of guidance for Muslims apart from the Al-Qur’an.
(1b)
Asma-ur-Rijal is just another stylish expression to dupe the blind Hadithers. The “ulemas” call it “an unique art of research on people.” The references or information for determining the correctness of a Hadith i.e. Asma-ur-Rijal, are usually taken from various books written by the medieval imams, often relating to the biography or part of the biography of famous personalities. Whatever it researches about the people, whether their identity was correct or whether they were who they claimed to be or what might have been their social, political, legal status etc. etc. is not the point. Even if these facts are correctly determined, it has no bearing on the authenticity of the Hadith itself. What needs to be the focus of attention while verifying the correctness of the Hadith is the substance contained in each Hadith. If that’s humbug, then hell with asma-ur-rijal and hell with isnad. That hadith is garbage. Period.
Moreover, most Hadith compilers and the Hadith followers themselves do not care a fig about asma-ur-rijal. For example there’s one asma-ur-rijal I know of which is correct but the Hadith narrations ignore it. Ayesha’s biography through accounts of Asma-ur-Rijal reveals that she was 17 when married to the Prophet and 19 when she came to live with him. Historically and realistically this is quite definitely correct. But this isn’t accepted by any of the Hadith narrations.
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(4a)
Tayammum is the Islamic act of dry Ritual purification using a purified sand or stone or Mud, which may be performed in place of ritual washing if no clean water is readily available or if one is suffering from moisture-induced skin inflammation or scaling.
(4b)
Conditions
(i) Intention
(ii) Lack of water or impossibility to use it despite its presence
(iii) Not having thick material like wax, oil paint, nail polish that cover the skin on the face, hands and arms.
(iv) Not having a state that invalidates wudu while making tayammum
(v) Sickness
(4c)
To do tayammum you hit both hands on the ground
The Intention
then using both of them you wipe over your whole face.
Striking the ground a second time
Wiping the hands
Wiping the inside of the right hand
The thumb
The Left hand
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(5)
Imam Muslim was very strict in examining the Hadith from all aspects. Thus he extracted approximately 4,000 for his book, which is divided into 43 books, containing a total of 7,190 narrations. According to Munthiri, there are a total of 2,200 Hadiths (without repetition) in Sahih Muslim. According to Muhammad Amin, there are 1,400 authentic Hadiths that are reported in Al-Sihah Al-Sittah. It took Imam Muslim long years to compile this book. Abu Saimah, one of his colleagues was so much attracted that he remained with him assisting in compiling work for 15 years.
He was so cautious that he used the word Haddathna with the Hadith, which had been recited to him by his own teachers and assigning the word Akhbarna to what he had read out to them.
He added a long introduction, in which he explained the principles which he had followed in the choice of materials for his book; and which should be followed in accepting and relating any Hadith. Upon completing his manuscript he presented it to Abu Zar’ah of Rayy, the reputed scholar of Hadith for verification and accepted his comments.
The Sahih Muslim has been acclaimed as the most authentic collection of traditions after that of Sahih Bukhari, and preferred for its detailed arrangement. More than 30 commentaries have been written by many leading scholars.
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(3a)
Bismillaahir Rahmaanir Raheem
Wat teeni waz zaitoon
Wa toori sineen
Wa haazal balad-il ameen
Laqad khalaqnal insaana fee ahsani taqweem
Thumma ra dad naahu asfala saafileen
Ill-lal lazeena aamanoo wa ‘amilus saalihaati; falahum ajrun ghairu mamnoon
Fama yu kaz zibuka b’adu bid deen
Alai sal laahu bi-ahkamil haakimeen
(3b&3c)
In the Name of Allâh,
the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
1. By the fig, and the olive.
2. By Mount Sinai.
3. By this city of security ( Makkah ) .
4. Verily, We created man in the best stature ( mould ) .
5. Then We reduced him to the lowest of the low.
6. Save those who believe ( in Islâmic Monotheism ) and do righteous deeds. Then they shall have a reward without end ( Paradise ) .
7. Then what ( or who ) causes you ( O disbelievers ) to deny the Recompense ( i.e. the Day of Resurrection ) ?
8. Is not Allâh the Best of judges?
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(4a)
Then Amaziah confronted Amos: “Seer, be on your way! Get out of here and go back to Judah where you came from! Hang out there. Do your preaching there. But no more preaching at Bethel! Don’t show your face here again. This is the king’s chapel. This is a royal shrine.” But Amos stood up to Amaziah: “I never set up to be a preacher, never had plans to be a preacher. I raised cattle and I pruned trees. Then God took me off the farm and said, ‘Go preach to my people Israel.’ “So listen to God’s Word. You tell me, ‘Don’t preach to Israel. Don’t say anything against the family of Isaac.’ But here’s what God is telling you: Your wife will become a whore in town. Your children will get killed. Your land will be auctioned off. You will die homeless and friendless. And Israel will be hauled off to exile, far from home.”
(4b)
(i)by circumstances
(ii)by ignoring our prayers
(iii)by allowing us fall in temptations
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(6a)
Very early in the morning on the first day of the week, the women went to the tomb, bringing the fragrant spices they had prepared. They found the stone rolled away from the tomb, but when they went in, they didn’t find the body of the Lord Jesus. They didn’t know what to make of this. Suddenly, two men were standing beside them in gleaming bright clothing. The women were frightened and bowed their faces toward the ground, but the men said to them, “Why do you look for the living among the dead? He isn’t here, but has been raised. Remember what he told you while he was still in Galilee, that the Human One must be handed over to sinners, be crucified, and on the third day rise again.” Then they remembered his words. When they returned from the tomb, they reported all these things to the eleven and all the others. It was Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary the mother of James, and the other women with them who told these things to the apostles. Their words struck the apostles as nonsense, and they didn’t believe the women. But Peter ran to the tomb. When he bent over to look inside, he saw only the linen cloth. Then he returned home, wondering what had happened
(6b)
(i)It gives them hope that they would resurrect on the last day.
(ii)Christians will be able to see their loved ones again.
(iii)With resurrection Christians are assured of life after death/ Death is conquered.
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(9a)
(i) As God’s own people, Christians should abstain from, the desires of the flesh, which fight against the soul.
(ii) They should conduct themselves honourably among non-Christians to the glory of God.
(iii) They should accept the authority of civil rulers either as Presidents or Governors.
(iv) It is by doing right that Christians silence the ignorance of foolish.
(v) They should live as free people without using their freedom as a guide to commit sin or do evil.
(vi) Christians should honour everyone around them.
(vii) They should love the family of believers fear God/and honour the king.
(ix) Servants/ slaves owe their masters respect and obedience not minding the masters’ characters – whether gentle or harsh.
(x) God expects Christians to persevere under unjust suffering.
(xi) They should be encouraged to bear whatever maltreatment, because Chris has also suffered for them.
(9b)
(i) Satanic practices. e.g. occultism.
(ii) Tribalism/ Nepotism/ Discrimination. E.g. gender bias, regional conflicts etc.
(iii) Bad Leadership! Corruption! Mismanagement. E.g. Inflating contracts, overpayment of contracts, etc.
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(8a)
James outlined the fact that a person gains no profit by merely claiming to have faith but not works. Genuine faith is evidenced by works. He called on Christians to be doers of the word and not deceive themselves as men of faith, by not doing what they professed. Thus faith without works is dead. Faith is expressed in practical works like charity/caring for the sick, widows, orphans etc. Faith and works are inseparable for, you cannot show me your faith without works. A person is justified by works and not by faith alone. For works is the finality of faith. James taught that people who have belief in God without expressing it in actions to justify their faith are not different from the devil. For the devil also believes in God but does not do God’s work. James argued that if Christians are mere hearers, they are like a man who observe his face in a mirror, but as soon as he goes away, forgets what his face looks like. For somebody to be truly religious he must briddle his tongue, or else his religion is in vain/he is deceiving himself. James argues further that Abraham was justified by works when he was ready to offer his son Isaac. Thus he justified his faith by works. Again, Rahab the harlot was also justified by her works when she protected the spies sent by Moses. She had faith in God and matched it by saving the spies. These two people expressed their faiths by their deeds. Faith and works are essential to each other just as the body and the spirit. Thus, just as the body apart from the spirit is dead, faith apart from works is dead.
(8b)
(i)Respecting themselves and others/Living chaste life and Offering selfless service to the society/country/charity.
(ii)Loving one another/being hospitable and Performing one’s civic responsibilities and religious obligations.
(iii)Being patient, submissive, polite, honest/practising Christian virtues and taking part in church activities.
Das nice more grice to ur elbow